Different operation sequences between acupuncture and cupping therapy for lumbar muscle strain with cold and dampness: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical efficacy on lumbar muscle strain with cold and dampness between the different operation sequences of acupuncture and cupping therapy.@*METHODS@#Seventy-six patients with lumbar muscle strain with cold and dampness were randomly divided into an acupuncture + cupping group (A + C group, 38 cases) and a cupping + acupuncture group (C + A group, 38 cases, 1 case dropped off). In the A + C group, cupping therapy was delivered 10 min after the end of treatment with acupuncture, while in the C + A group, acupuncture therapy was exerted 10 min after the end of treatment with cupping. Acupuncture was applied to Mingmen (GV 4), Yaoyangguan (GV 3), ashi point and bilateral Shenshu (BL 23), Dachangshu (BL 25), Weizhong (BL 40) and Yanglingquan (GB 34), and the needles were retained for 30 min in each intervention. Flash cupping was operated along the bilateral sides of the lumbar spine for 3 min, and the cups were retained for 10 min at bilateral Shenshu (BL 23), Dachangshu (BL 25) and ashi points. The intervention was delivered once every two days, 3 times weekly, for 3 weeks totally in each group. The scores of visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI), TCM syndrome score and the mean temperature of the lumbar region before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. The safety and the clinical efficacy were assessed for the interventions of the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the values before treatment, except for the sleep score of ODI, the VAS scores, ODI scores and TCM syndrome scores were decreased after treatment (P<0.01, P<0.05); while the mean temperature of the lumbar region was increased (P<0.01) in both groups. After treatment, the VAS score and the pain score of ODI in the C + A group were lower than those in the A + C group (P<0.05). The incidence rate of adverse reactions of the C + A group was lower than that of the A + C group (P<0.01). The effective rate in the A+C group was 92.1% (35/38), that in the C+A group was 94.6%(35/37), there was no statistical difference between the two groups (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Different operation sequences between acupuncture and cupping therapy obtain the similar efficacy on lumbar muscle strain with cold and dampness, but cupping therapy delivered prior to acupuncture has certain advantages in relieving pain and improving safety.

Assisting Role of Pulmonary Hypostasis Phenomenon in Diagnosis of Drowning / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the phenomenon of pulmonary hypostasis in corpses of various causes of death, and to explore the potential value of this phenomenon in assisting forensic pathological diagnosis of drowning.@*METHODS@#A total of 235 cases with clear cause of death through systematic autopsy were collected from January 2011 to June 2021 in Guangzhou. According to the location of body discovery, the cases were divided into the water body group (97 cases) and the non-water body group (138 cases), and the water body group was further divided into the water drowning group (90 cases) and the water non-drowning group (7 cases). Non-water body group was further divided into the non-water drowning group (1 case) and the non-water non-drowning group (137 cases). Three senior forensic pathologists independently reviewed autopsy photos to determine whether there was hypostasis in the lungs. The detection rate of pulmonary hypostasis was calculated.@*RESULTS@#The detection rate of pulmonary hypostasis in the water drowning group (90 cases) was 0, and the negative rate was 100%. The detection rate of pulmonary hypostasis in the water non-drowning group (7 cases) was 100% and the negative rate was 0. The detection rate of pulmonary hypostasis in the water body group and in the non-water body group (after excluding 2 cases, 136 cases were calculated) was 7.22% and 87.50%, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of pulmonary hypostasis between water body group and non-water body group, and between water drowning group and water non-drowning group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The disappearance of pulmonary hypostasis can be used as a specific cadaveric sign to assist in the forensic pathological diagnosis of drowning.

Mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between social support and simple coping style in male nurses of Heilongjiang Province / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To understand the status quo of male nurses′ resilience, social support and simple coping styles in Heilongjiang Province, and to analysis the mediating effect of resilience between social support and simple coping styles.Methods:The questionnaire star was used to survey 780 nurses from 13 departments including such as intensive care unit, emergency department, psychiatric department, and operating room etc in Harbin 9 hospitals from November to December 2018 by convenience sampling. The self-made general information questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) were used to assess the resilience, social support and simple coping style.Results:The average score of resilience of male nurses in Heilongjiang Province was (72.36±16.69) points, the average score of social support was (37.21±8.70) points, the average items score of positive coping style was (2.18±0.52) points, negative coping style items score was (1.53±0.76) points. Social support and positive coping styles all showed a significant positive correlation with resilience ( r values were 0.432, 0.747, P<0.01). The results of mediation analysis showed that resilience played a part of mediation between social support and active coping styles. The mediation effect was 21.05%, accounting for 63.21% of the total effect. Conclusion:In order to effectively maintain the mental health of male nurses in Heilongjiang Province and improve their active coping level, it is necessary to ensure that the nurses have a good level of resilience.

Efficacy of Different Doses of Daunorubicin Induced Chemotherapy in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Primary Acute Myeloid Leukemia Under 65 Years Old / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the efficacy and safety of different doses of daunorubicin combined with a standard dose of cytarabine as induction chemotherapy in newly diagnosed primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients.@*METHODS@#The clinical data and outcome were retrospectively analyzed in 86 newly diagnosed primary AML patients who were under 65 years old and treated with daunorubicin combined with cytarabine (DA regimen) at West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2017 to June 2019. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the dose of daunorubicin they received, 35 cases in the escalated-dose group ［75 mg/(m@*RESULTS@#Median follow-up time of all the patients was 15 months. The CR rate and MRD@*CONCLUSION@#The escalated dose of daunorubicin can induce higher complete remission rate, deeper remission and longer duration of remission without increasing adverse events in newly diagnosed primary AML patients.

Application of sliding osteotomy in total knee arthroplasty for patients with extra-articular femoral deformity / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#In order to observe the clinical effects of sliding osteotomy for patients with severe knee osteoarthritis and varus knee due to complex femoral extra-articular deformity to achieve the medial and lateral soft tissue balancing during total knee arthroplasty.@*METHODS@#From June 2014 to January 2018, a total of 22 patients with severe knee osteoarthritis and complex extra-articular malformation of femurs were treated with total knee arthroplasty. There were 5 males and 17 females in this group, aged 48 to 76 years old, with an average age of (61.3±13.8) years old. All the patients had varus deformities caused by extra-articular deformities of femur. Hip-knee-ankle(HKA) angle was(158.8±9.7) ° before operation, and the average Knee Society Score (KSS) clinical score was 32.6±6.1;KSS function score was 35.8 ±9.6;the average Hospital for Special Surgical (HSS) score was 39.7±4.6;the average range of motion before operation was (80.6±10.7) °. The mechanical alignment method was used in joint replacement. The flexion space was balanced first. The coronal plane vertical sliding osteotomy was performed on the medial femoral condyle for the imbalance of coronal plane. The sliding distance of the osteotomy block was determined by straightening the gap between the inner and outer sides of the space until the space was balanced. After the separated segments were fixed with several screws, the prosthesis was installed as usual.@*RESULTS@#The wounds of all patients healed in the first stage, and no wound complications occurred. All the 22 patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 18 months to 3 years with an average of (28.2±10.1) months. X-ray showed that the fracture line disappeared for 2 to 5(3.5±1.5) months without nonunion. HKA angle measured at the latest follow up was (178.8±0.7) °, which wassignificantly different from that before operation. The HSS score was 91.3 ±6.0;KSS clinical score 93.7±3.5;KSS functional score 81.2±6.5;and the average range of motion of knee joint was(121.7±11.6) °, which was statistically significant compared with that before operation.@*CONCLUSION@#For severe knee osteoarthritis patients with complex femoral extra-articular deformity, sliding osteotomy is performed. For severe varus deformity, downward sliding the medial femoral condyle is performed. The operation is relatively simple and the damage is small. It is easy to achieve the balance of internal and external soft tissue in flexion extension space. The short-term clinical effect is satisfactory.

Value of Trans-lymphatic Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis of Thyroid Cancer / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To explore the value of trans-lymphatic contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)in the diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis of thyroid cancer. Methods The patients with suspected thyroid cancer underwent conventional ultrasound and trans-lymphatic CEUS examinations before the biopsy.The differences in ultrasound and CEUS characteristics of cervical lymph nodes between the metastatic group and the non-metastatic group were compared,and pathological results were regarded as the golden standard. Results Twenty patients had thyroid cancer,including 12 cases with lymph node metastasis and 8 cases without metastasis.The diagnostic sensitivity(91.7%

A case of tape exposure after transobturator vaginal sling procedure for stress urinary incontinence / 中华泌尿外科杂志

The case of long-term complicated infectious mass on the inner thigh root after transobturator urethral sling is rare. This paper reported a case, who underwent a surgery of the "trans-obturator mid-urethral slings" for stress urinary incontinence 9 years ago. A mass on the root of the right thigh was found 3 months ago, accompanied with low fever. About 1cm tape was exposed on the front wall of the right side of the vagina. The patient underwent resection of the mass on the root of the right thigh and partial removal of the tape under spinal anesthesia. After one year’ follow-up, there was no significant change in urinary control ability compared with that before the operation.

Progress of Gut Microbiota in the Antineoplastic Efficacy of Chemotherapeutic Drugs / 中国药学杂志

Chemotherapeutic drugs play an important role in the treatment of cancer, but the individual differences of patients' sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs and the drug resistance of chemotherapeutic drugs have always been a thorny problem in clinical treatment. Recent studies have shown that gut microbiota plays a key role in regulating the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs. Gut microbiota can regulate host response to chemotherapy through a variety of mechanisms, including immune interaction, heterogeneous metabolism and changes in community structure. This paper introduces the effects of traditional chemotherapeutic drugs and new immunotherapeutic drugs, such as anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies, on gut microbiota, as well as their effects on chemotherapeutic efficacy and mechanism, in order to provide evidences and clues for cancer treatments targeting gut microbiota.

Current status and demand of health services in primary and middle school clinic in 16 provinces of China / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze the current situation and needs of primary and secondary school health clinic services, and to provide a reference for strengthening school health service in China.@*Methods@#Investigation provinces were selected according to China s three major economic zones, 1 or 2 survey centers were selected from each province, 16 provinces and 26 survey centers were selected. In each survey centers, six schools from primary and secondary schools, junior high schools and high schools in urban and rural areas were randomly selected as research sites. Each research site randomly selected 10 students in each grade(grade three, four, five from primary schools) to fill in the questionnaire anonymously. A total of 4 661 valid questionnaires were collected.@*Results@#Among the services provided by the school clinics to students, "trauma treatment" "consulting health problems" "physical examination" accounted for 49.4%, 40.5% and 39.0% respectively. Within the past one year, 45.1% students went to the school clinic for consultation or consultation 1-3 times, 6.4% for 4-5 times, and 3.7% for 6 times or more. When students were sick in school, 65.8%(primary school), 64.0%(junior high school), and 54.4%(high school) of them selected to go to the school clinic. When suddenly suffered trauma in school, 78.2%(primary school), 73.2%(junior high school) and 69.6%(high school) of the students went to the school clinic.@*Conclusion@#Primary and middle school students have a great demand for school health services, and it is necessary to continue to strengthen the construction of primary and secondary school health clinics.

Quality evaluation and specification research of Cervus and Cucumis polypeptide injection / 中国药科大学学报

@#To investigate the freshness, high molecular weight substances, the determination of polypeptide, haemolysis and agglomeration, biological activity of Cervus and Cucumis polypeptide injection; to provide the direction for improving the quality of products for enterprises; furthermore, to provide reference for the revision of the quality standards of Cervus and Cucumis polypeptide injection. Firstly, we investigated the factors affecting the freshness of the injection, including biogenic amines, aflatoxins, the acid value and peroxide value of the melon seeds. The method of dansyl chloride pre-column derivatization-HPLC was used to determine the content of 8 biogenic amines in Cervus and Cucumis polypeptide injection. The method validation results showed good specificity, precision, linearity and recovery rates, which was suitable for the determination of biogenic amines in Cervus and Cucumis polypeptide injection. The results of sample determination showed that relatively higher concentrations of cadaverine were detected in the products from company B. The results of aflatoxins, acid value and peroxide value showed that the melon seeds from some companies had rancidity, mildew and other problems, indicating that the quality standards of multi-component biochemical drugs containing animal- and plant-derived components should be controlled in terms of freshness. Secondly, the methods for the determination of high molecular weight substances and polypeptides in the quality standard were improved. Tricine-SDS-PAGE electrophoresis was used instead of gel chromatography to determine the high molecular weight substances, which improved the accuracy of determination. The kits were used instead of folin-phenol for the determination of peptide content, which is easy to operate, specific and suitable for high-throughput sample determination. Finally, the haemolysis, agglomeration, and biological activity of Cervus and Cucumis polypeptide injection were studied. The results showed that no haemolysis and agglomeration were found in all samples, and the inhibitory effect of samples on THP-1 proliferation in vitro from different companies was different to some extent. In conclusion, the optimized quality standard is more suitable for the detection of Cervus and Cucumis polypeptide injection, and can lay the foundation for improving the safety of multi-component biochemical drugs.

Research advances in the brain mechanisms of acupuncture effects based on the BOLD-fMRI technology / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

By summarizing the recent literatures on brain mechanisms with acupuncture intervention based on blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD)-functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the BOLD-fMRI examination and analysis methods, the points to be acupunctured, the corresponding meridian activation regions, the specific intensity range, functions and indications of the acupoints, the manifestation of 'bi-directional regulation' characteristics, fMRI performance of chronergy, laterality and needling qi of acupuncture were reviewed to provide the ideas for future research in this area.

Preliminary prediction and analysis of Q-marker of multi-original Tibetan medicine meiduoluomi / 中草药

Objective Based on the concept of quality marker (Q-marker), a chemical method was developed to evaluate the quality of the multi-original medicinal material “Meiduoluomi” and predict its Q-marker. Methods Firstly, the Q-marker were preliminary predicted based on the relationship between genetic relationship and biosynthesis pathway, pharmacological activity and chemical composition. Secondly, the main active components were determined by UHPLC. The analysis was performed using ACQUITY UHPLC HSS C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm); Mobile phase was acetonitrile (A)-0.3% acetic acid water (B) with gradient elution; The flow rate was 0.2 mL/min; The column temperature was 35 ℃; The detection wavelength was 320 nm. Results A new method for simultaneous determining five compounds of meiduoluomi was established, including chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid. The linear relationship of them was good at the range of 9.60-480.00, 10.27-513.50, 10.08-504.03, 9.64-482.80, and 3.82-380.24 mg/L, respectively; And the average recovery rates were 102.43%, 99.78%, 99.39%, 103.12%, and 101.83%, respectively. The five components were detected in each sample and the total content of the five components was more than 10% in the herbal medicine. It was suggested that the five components can be used as a Q-marker of meiduoluomi for quality control. Conclusion The coffeic acid components are scientific and reasonable to be considered as a Q-marker of meiduoluomi. The developed UHPLC method can be used for the quality control of meiduoluomi. This study provides new idea for the rational evaluation of multi-original medicinal material based on Q-marker.

Optimization of Formulation of Co-loaded Docetaxel and Gambogic Acid Albumin Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Its Quality / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: The formulation of co-loaded docetaxel(DTX) and gambogic acid(GA) albumin nanoparticles(DTX-GA-BSA NPs) was optimized by central composite design-response surface methodology to prepare DTX-GA-BSA NPs, and its quality was evaluated. The optimal synergistic ratio of DTX and GA was screened by coefficient of drug interaction(CDI). Method: NabTM method was used to prepare DTX-GA-BSA NPs with bovine serum albumin(BSA) as the carrier material. Design-Expert 8.0.6 software was used to design the experiment and process the data, overall desirability(OD) of particle size and polydispersity index(PDI), encapsulation rate were taken as indexes. The particle size and Zeta potential of the nanoparticles were measured. Individual and synergistic inhibitory effects of DTX and GA on the proliferation of MGC-803 and HGC-27 cells were determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay, respectively. Result: The optimum prescription of DTX-GA-BSA NPs was as follows:BSA concentration of 5 g·L-1, water-oil phase volume ratio of 1:17, drug-loading ratio(mass ration of drug to carrier) of 1:10.The average particle size of DTX-GA-BSA NPs was 135.8 nm and PDI was 0.09, Zeta potential was -21.4 mV. The deviation between the predicted value and the observed value of the model was small, the model had good predictability. For MGC-803 cell, when the concentrations of DTX and GA were 0.004, 0.12 μmol·L-1, respectively(mass ratio of DTX to GA was 1:23), the CDI value was the smallest and the synergistic proliferation inhibition was the most significant. For HGC-27 cell, when the concentrations of DTX and GA were 0.004, 1 μmol·L-1, respectively(mass ratio of DTX to GA was 1:195), the synergistic proliferation inhibition was the most significant. Conclusion: The optimized formulation of DTX-GA-BSA NPs is stable and reliable. The established mathematical model has good predictive ability and practicability. DTX combined with GA has synergistic effect on MGC-803 and HGC-27 cells without concentration dependence.

Gastrointestinal Regulation of Red Yeast Rice on Mice with Syndrome of Food Retention Due to Spleen Deficiency Before and After Fermentation / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To investigate gastrointestinal regulation of red yeast rice on spleen deficient dyspepsia mice, and provide reference for clarifying mechanism of invigorating spleen to promote digestion of fermented traditional Chinese medicine. Method: Mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, including the blank group, the model group, the unfermented red yeast rice treatment group (1.17 g·kg-1·d-1), the fermented red yeast rice treatment group (1.17 g·kg-1·d-1), the domperidone group (3.9 mg·kg-1·d-1), ten mice in each group were continuous intragastric administration for 10 days. The effects of red yeast rice before and after fermentation on the general behavior, body weight, food intake and gastrointestinal function of spleen deficient dyspepsia mice were compared. The effects of red yeast rice on the gastrointestinal hormone[motilin (MTL), gastrin (GAS), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)] levels in serum of spleen deficient dyspepsia mice were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorption assay (ELISA). The regulation function of red yeast rice on the pathological changes of gastrointestinal tissue of spleen deficient dyspepsia mice was investigated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The effect of red yeast rice on gut microbiota of spleen deficient dyspepsia mice was investigated, the primers were designed on bacterial 16S rRNA V3-V4 region sequences and Illumina Miseq platform was used for high-throughput sequencing. Result: Compared with the model group, fermented red yeast rice could recover the body weight and food intake, reduce gastric residual rate (PPEscherichia-Shigella, while increasing the relative abundance of the beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Conclusion: Fermented red yeast rice can enhance the gastrointestinal function of spleen deficient dyspepsia mice, the mechanism may be related to regulating gastrointestinal hormone level, improving histopathology of gastrointestinal tissue and restoring intestinal flora structure.

Research advances in neurobiological mechanism of acupuncture for amblyopia / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Amblyopia greatly affects the physical and mental development of children. Acupuncture is effective for amblyopia, though its mechanism remains unclear. This article summarized the mechanism of acupuncture treatment of amblyopia from the perspectives of morphology of neurons in visual cortex, visual electrophysiology, and molecular biology, etc. It was found that acupuncture may treat amblyopia through repairing the morphological and ultrastructural damages of neurons in visual cortex, promoting the electrical activities in visual pathway and visual cortical neurons, and modulating the synthesis and expression levels of factors involved in visual system. Nevertheless, further studies are required to unveil the mechanism of acupuncture treatment of amblyopia.

Antiseptic effect of compound lysostaphin disinfectant and its preventive effect on infection of artificial dermis after graft on full-thickness skin defect wound in rats / 中华烧伤杂志

Objective@#To study the antiseptic effect of compound lysostaphin disinfectant and its preventive effect on infection of artificial dermis after graft on full-thickness skin defect wound in rats.@*Methods@#(1) Each one standard strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Staphylococcus aureus were selected. Each 20 clinical strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Staphylococcus aureus were collected from those isolated from wound exudates of burn patients hospitalized in our wards from January 2014 to December 2016 according to the random number table. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of compound lysostaphin disinfectant to above-mentioned strains were detected. The experiment was repeated 3 times. Compared with the corresponding standard strain, the clinical strain with higher MIC and/or MBC was considered as having decreased sensitivity to the disinfectant. The percentage of strains of each of the three kinds of bacteria with decreased sensitivity was calculated. (2) Artificial dermis pieces were soaked in compound lysostaphin disinfectant for 5 min, 1 h, 2 h, and 4 h, respectively, with 21 pieces at each time point. After standing for 0 (immediately), 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 h (with 3 pieces at each time point), respectively, the diameters of their inhibition zones to standard strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Staphylococcus aureus were measured. The experiment was repeated 3 times. The shortest soaking time corresponding to the longest standing time, after which the disinfectant-soaked artificial dermis could form an effective inhibition zone (with diameter more than 7 mm), was the sufficient soaking time of the disinfectant to the artificial dermis. (3) Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into post injury day (PID) 3, 7, 14, and 21 sampling groups according to the random number table, with 10 rats in each group. A full-thickness skin defect wound with a diameter of 20 mm was made on both sides of the spine on the back of each rat. Immediately after injury, the artificial dermis without any treatment was grafted on the wound on left side of the spine (hereinafter referred to as control wound), while the sufficiently soaked artificial dermis with compound lysostaphin disinfectant was grafted on the wound on right side of the spine (hereinafter referred to as disinfectant wound). On PID 3, 7, 14, and 21, the gross condition of wounds of all the surviving rats was observed, and the new infection rates of control wounds and disinfectant wounds were calculated. Then, the rats in the sampling group with corresponding time were killed, and the full-thickness wound tissue containing artificial dermis was collected for quantitative analysis of bacteria. Bacteria content of the uninfected control wounds and that of the uninfected disinfectant wounds were compared. Data were processed with chi-square test and Wilcoxon rank sum test.@*Results@#(1) The MIC of compound lysostaphin disinfectant to standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii were 1/32, 1/32, and 1/512 of the original concentration of the disinfectant, respectively, and the MBC were 1/32, 1/16, and 1/512 of the original concentration of the disinfectant, respectively. The percentages of clinical strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus with decreased sensitivity to compound lysostaphin disinfectant were 15% (3/20), 20% (4/20), and 10% (2/20), respectively. (2) After being soaked in compound lysostaphin disinfectant for 2 and 4 h, the longest standing time, after which the artificial dermis could form an effective inhibition zone against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Staphylococcus aureus, were 24, 36, and 48 h respectively, longer than 12, 24, and 24 h of soaking for 5 min and 24, 24, and 36 h of soaking for 1 h. The sufficient soaking time of compound lysostaphin disinfectant to artificial dermis was 2 h. (3) On PID 3, no infection symptom was observed in all the wounds, and so both the new infection rate of control wounds and that of disinfectant wounds were 0. The artificial dermis was transparent but not well connected with the wound. On PID 7, the new infection rate of control wounds was 20.00% (6/30), which was obviously higher than 3.33% (1/30) of disinfectant wounds, χ2=4.043, P<0.05. On the infected wound, a large amount of purulent exudates were observed, and the artificial dermis was not connected with the wound and degraded partially. On the uninfected wound, artificial dermis was transparent and had a partial connection with the wound. On PID 14 and 21, no new infected wound was observed, and so both the new infection rate of control wounds and that of disinfectant wounds were 0. There was no obvious improvement on the infected wounds. The collagen layers of artificial dermis in the uninfected wound established a good connection with the wound and were separating from the silica gel layer gradually. Infection occurred in 2, 3, 1 control wound (s) in PID 7, 14, and 21 sampling groups, respectively, and in 1 disinfectant wound in PID 14 sampling group. The bacteria content of the infected wounds tissue was 0.79×106 to 7.22×109 colony-forming unit (CFU)/g. The bacteria content of uninfected control wounds tissue in PID 3, 7, and 14 sampling groups were (3.43±1.88)×102, (2.37±0.43)×103, and (8.40±1.03)×103 CFU/g, respectively, which were significantly higher than (0.33±0.12)×102, (0.43±0.17)×103, (2.16±0.52)×103 CFU/g of uninfected disinfectant wounds tissue (Z=-3.780, -3.554, -3.334, P<0.05). The bacteria content of uninfected control wounds tissue and that of uninfected disinfectant wounds tissue in PID 21 sampling group were similar (Z=-0.490, P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#Compound lysostaphin disinfectant has quite strong antibacterial ability against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Staphylococcus aureus. Clinical strains of the three kinds of bacteria were highly sensitive to compound lysostaphin disinfectant. Saturation of absorption of compound lysostaphin disinfectant achieves in artificial dermis after 2 hours′ soaking. After 24, 36, and 48 hours′ standing, the soaked artificial dermis still has the antibacterial effect on Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. The infection rate and the bacteria content of full-thickness skin defect wound in rats are all decreased when grafted with soaked artificial dermis.

The Effect of Contusion and Exhaustive Exercise on Satellite Cells Activation and Pax7/CBF1/DAPT Contents in Skeletal Muscles of Rats / 中国运动医学杂志

Objective To study the effect of contusion and exhaustive exercise on satellite cells' activation and Pax7/CBF1/DAPT contents in skeletal muscles of rats,and reveal the repair mechanism of the skeletal muscle injury.Methods Twenty-four seven-week-old male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into a control(C)group,an immediately after exhaustive exercise(E0)group,a 24 hours after exhaustive exercise(E24)group and a 48 hours after exhaustive exercise(E48)group,each of 6.Other 18 SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups,6 rats in each group:an immediately after contusion group(D0),a 24h post-contusion group(D24)and a 48h post-contusion group(D48).All groups were killed at different time points after exhaustive exercise and the contusion respectively while the control group was at resting state,and their serum was extracted.The right gastrocnemius muscles were resected and divided into 2 parts:one was used immediately for culturing satellite cells,while the other was stored in the bridge at-80℃.All the serum and gastrocnemius muscles were tested for Pax7,CBF1 and DAPT contents using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Moreover,three-day-old newborn rats were also slaughtered for the above experiment.Results The results of culture in vitro showed that one day after the culture began a small amount of spindle satellite cells could be seen in the newborn rats,but the satellite cells of other groups were growing slowly.However,on the third day and the fifth day,the spindle satellite cells of each group began to proliferate in quantity and reached the peak.Then all the satellite cells had a good proliferation until the seventh day after serial passage,and some patial fusions to microtubules occurred.The biggest cell number and proliferation rate was in newborn rats,but no skeletal muscle satellite cell was found in the control group.At the same time,the number and the proliferation rate of skeletal muscle satellite cells in contusion groups were significantly higher than the exhaustive exercise groups.The results of Elisa showed that the contents of CBF1 and Pax7 in skeletal muscles in exhaustive groups and contusion groups,were significantly upregulated,compared to the control group(P＜0.05).Amomg them,the CBF1 content in group D0,together with the Pax7 content in group D24 and D48,was significantly higher than that of the other groups(P＜0.05).On the other hand,the content of DAPT in skeletal muscles of exhaustive groups and contusion groups,compared to the control group,was significantly downregulated (P＜0.05).To be more specific,the value of group D0 was significantly lower than that of the other groups (P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference in it among group E0,E24 and E48.Conclusions Contusion and exhaustive exercise can activate the skeletal muscle satellite cells to proliferate and differentiate.The number of activated skeletal muscle satellite cells in the contusion groups is significantly larger than that of exhaustive groups maybe due to the stronger stimulating by contusion.Both contusion and exhaustive exercise increase the contents of Pax7 and CBF1 in skeletal muscles,but decrease that of DAPT.The Pax7 and CBF1 may play a positive regulating role in terms of activating skeletal satellite cells and repairing skeletal muscle injury,while DAPT may play a negative regulating role.

Optimization of preparation procedures for nano-sponges of flavonoids fromGlycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma by Box-Behnken response surface methodology based on CRITIC weighted evaluation / 中国中药杂志

In this paper, nano-sponges of flavonoids from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (LF-NSP) were prepared by agitation-freeze drying method. Box-benhnken design and response surface method based on the single factor experiment was used to optimize the preparation process, with the stirring temperature as well as stirring time and speed as the independent variables, while with drug loading, particle size and the generalized "normalized value" as the response values. In addition, the nano-sponges were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), infraredspectroscopy (FT-IR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and its release in vitro was also investigated. The results showed that the optimum preparation conditions for glycyrrhizin nano-sponges were as follows：The proportion of main drug and auxiliary drug was 1:2; the proportion of crosslinking agent DPC and β-CD was 4:1; stirring temperature 45 °C for 4.8 h at 245 r·min⁻¹. The comprehensive score of LF-NSP prepared under these conditions was 94.78. FT-IR and DSC results indicated the formation of Glycyrrhiza flavonoids nano-sponges, and SEM showed that they were spherical particles in shape. In release experiment in vitro, the cumulative release of glycyrrhizin flavonoids nano-sponges for 240 min was 81.8%, while that of crude drug was only 31.5%. Nano-sponges can significantly improve the dissolution of flavonoids from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.

Effect of Parkinson's disease-relevant protein DJ-1 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration in human osteosarcoma cells / 中南大学学报(医学版)

To investigate the effect of Parkinson's disease related protein DJ-1 on the cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration in human osteosarcoma cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms. 
 Methods: The protein expression levels of DJ-1 were detected in human osteosarcoma cell lines (MG-63, Saos-2, and U2OS) and human osteoblast cell line hFOB1.19 with or without deficiency in phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted from chromosome 10 (PTEN) were detected by Western blot. Osteosarcoma cells were treated with DJ-1 siRNA, and then the protein expression levels of DJ-1 were detected by Western blot. Cell survival rate of osteosarcoma cells was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells was measured by annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) double staining method. Cell invasive and migration ability of osteosarcoma cells were examined by transwell invasion and migration assay. 
 Results: Compared with that of human osteoblast cell line (hFOB1.19), the protein expression level of DJ-1 was significantly upregulated in human osteosarcoma cell lines (MG-63, Saos-2, and U2OS) (all P<0.05), and U2OS had the highest level of DJ-1 when compared with the other three cell lines (P<0.01). DJ-1 siRNA could significantly down-regulate the DJ-1 protein expression in U2OS cells, and also diminish the cell survival rate. Moreover, DJ-1 down-regulation of DJ-1 could promote cell apoptosis, suppress the ability of cell invasion and migration, and increase the PTEN protein expression level (all P<0.05). In addition, the protein expression level of PTEN was markedly up-regulated in human osteosarcoma cell lines when compared with that in the hFOB1.19 cells (P<0.05). 
 Conclusion: DJ-1 can promote the cell proliferation, inhibit cell apoptosis, and decrease the ability of cell invasion and migration, and the potential underlying mechanisms may be associated with the up-regulation of PTEN protein expression.

Chemical constituents from the fruiting bodies of Abortiporus biennis / 中成药

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the fruiting bodies of Abortiporus biennis (Bull.) Singer.METHODS The ethyl acetate fraction of methanol extract from A.biennis fruiting bodies was isolated and purified by silica,Sephadex LH-20 and RP-18 column,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by spectral data.RESULTS Six compounds were isolated and identified as (22E,24R)-ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3ββ-ol (1),(22E,24R)-5α,8α-epoxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (2),cerevisterol (3),(22E,24R)-ergosta-4,6,8 (14),22-tetraen-3-one (4),1,3-dioleoyl-2-1inoleoylglycerol (5),cereboside B (6).CONCLUSION All the compounds are isolated from this fungus for the first time.